Australian Engineering Innovations: #3

Invented by Bruce Thompson in the 1980s

The dual-flush toilet is one of Australia’s most significant water-saving inventions—and a quiet hero of household sustainability. Developed in the 1980s by Bruce Thompson, a research engineer at bathroom product manufacturer Caroma, this system was designed to tackle Australia’s growing water conservation challenges.

Unlike traditional single-flush toilets, dual-flush toilets offer two flush options: a half-flush for liquid waste and a full flush for solids. This innovation can reduce water usage by up to 67% per flush compared to older single-flush systems—making it both environmentally and economically smart.

Why the Dual-Flush System Matters

With Australia’s water resources increasingly under pressure from climate change and population growth, every drop saved counts. According to the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water, household water use accounts for a large portion of urban demand, with toilets being one of the biggest contributors.

Since its debut, the dual-flush toilet has become a global benchmark in water efficiency. It’s now widely adopted in more than 30 countries, including the UK, Canada, Singapore and New Zealand, thanks to its balance of functionality, simplicity, and environmental impact.

Dual-Flush Technology Today

Modern dual-flush toilets have evolved to include smarter designs and improved efficiency. Many are now certified under Australia’s Water Efficiency Labelling and Standards (WELS) scheme, which helps consumers identify water-saving products through a national rating system.

Looking to Design a Better Future?

If you’re inspired by innovations like the dual-flush toilet, a career in engineering or sustainable design might be your calling. From infrastructure to product innovation, Australia’s engineers are leading global solutions to climate and resource challenges.

Check out our selection of engineering courses to kickstart your journey. You could be designing the next big leap in sustainability—or improving on ideas that already save billions of litres of water worldwide.