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How to Become An Agricultural Economist

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What is a Agricultural Economist

An Agricultural Economist uses economics to understand and improve how Australia produces and distributes food and natural resources. It is a dynamic role that blends data analysis, policy research, and real-world problem solving. The work covers issues that matter: food security, climate adaptation, and rural economic health.

Day to day, an Agricultural Economist collects data on farm costs, commodity prices, and market trends. They build models to forecast how a new policy or technology might affect farmers and regions. They write research reports and brief decision-makers on what the findings mean for the sector.

Agricultural Economists work in many different settings. Options include ABARES, state departments of primary industry, university research centres, and agribusiness consulting firms. Many also work for industry groups or commodity boards that represent farmers at a policy level.

Agricultural economics is a rewarding career for those who love data and want to shape Australia’s food system. It is well-paid, in strong demand, and has a clear pathway through university study.

Start your study journey in Agriculture

Career Outlook for Agricultural Economist

An Agricultural Economist typically works full-time hours, averaging around 40 hours per week. Most roles are permanent positions in government, research institutions, or the private sector. Work is primarily office-based, though field visits and conference attendance are also part of the role. The median age for economists in Australia is 38 (Your Career, 2025). A good mix of career stages is represented in the field.

Job prospects for Agricultural Economists are strong. Australia’s agricultural sector faces growing pressure from climate change, global trade shifts, and food security concerns. These challenges drive steady demand for professionals who can analyse data and develop sound economic strategies. Key employers include ABARES, state departments of primary industry, universities, and private consulting firms. The job outlook for Agricultural Economists is positive and expected to stay strong, based on recent Australian data.

On this Article

Introduction

Average Salaries

Resources

Steps to Become an Agricultural Economist

Step 1: Complete a Bachelor Degree in Agricultural Economics or Economics

Start with a bachelor degree in agricultural economics, economics, or a closely related field. Relevant degrees include the Bachelor of Agricultural and Resource Economics or a Bachelor of Economics with an agricultural economics major. These programs are offered at a number of Australian universities. Examples include the Australian National University, the University of New England, the University of Queensland, and the University of Sydney. Full-time study typically takes three to four years.

Step 2: Gain Practical Experience Through Internships or Graduate Programs

Practical experience is valuable early in your career. Apply for internships or graduate programs with ABARES, state departments of primary industry, or agribusiness firms. These programs offer on-the-job training, exposure to real research projects, and professional mentoring. Aim to secure at least one work placement during or shortly after your degree.

Step 3: Develop Technical Skills in Economic Modelling and Data Analysis

Strong technical skills set Agricultural Economists apart. Focus on learning statistical software such as R, Stata, or Python during your studies. Econometric methods and economic modelling are core skills in this field. Many universities offer short courses and workshops to help you build these skills alongside your formal studies.

Step 4: Consider Postgraduate Study for Specialist or Research Roles

A master’s or doctoral degree opens the door to research, academic, and senior advisory roles. A Master of Agricultural Economics or Master of Applied Economics typically takes one to two years full-time at a university. A PhD takes three to four years and leads to academic positions and senior research roles in government and industry.

Step 5: Join the Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society (AARES)

AARES is the peak professional body for agricultural and resource economists in Australia and New Zealand. Membership gives you access to the Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics and industry events. You also join a national network of peers. Student memberships are available at a low cost. Joining early in your career builds professional credibility and keeps you current with research and policy developments.

What does an Agricultural Economist do?

On a typical day, an Agricultural Economist gathers and analyses data on farm costs, crop yields, and commodity prices. They use statistical tools and economic models to assess how market conditions or government policies are affecting agricultural producers. They may prepare a research report or run a cost-benefit analysis on a new farming practice. They also brief government committees on the economic outlook for key crops. They work closely with scientists, policy officers, and industry groups. Their goal is to translate economic findings into practical advice that improves outcomes for farmers and the broader food system.

Tasks

Agricultural Economists use economic tools to improve the way Australia produces and manages its food and natural resources. They work at the interface of economics, science, and policy. Their research and advice support farmers, government agencies, and industry groups across the country.

  • Data Collection – Gathering data on farm production, input costs, commodity prices, and market trends.
  • Economic Analysis – Interpreting data to understand what is driving changes in agricultural markets and production systems.
  • Policy Research – Assessing how government policies and programs affect farm profitability and food security.
  • Cost-Benefit Analysis – Evaluating the economic case for new farming technologies, irrigation projects, or land management changes.
  • Market Research – Studying supply and demand for agricultural products to identify new opportunities and emerging risks.
  • Advisory Services – Advising farmers and agribusinesses on risk management, financial planning, and best practice.
  • Stakeholder Engagement – Working with scientists, government officials, and industry bodies to address complex agricultural challenges.
  • Research Communication – Writing reports and presenting findings to a range of audiences, from farmers to senior policymakers.

Skills for Success

To succeed as an Agricultural Economist, a strong foundation in economics and data analysis is a must. This means getting comfortable with statistical tools and economic models. These are used to study farm performance, market prices, and the effect of policy changes. A solid grasp of environmental issues and sustainable farming practices is increasingly important too.

Communication skills matter just as much as technical ones. Agricultural Economists work closely with farmers, policymakers, and researchers. They need to explain complex ideas in a clear and practical way. Good problem-solving instincts are a real asset in this field. Those who adapt quickly to new data and changing conditions tend to progress fast and find rewarding work.

Skills & Attributes

  • Strong analytical and quantitative skills
  • Proficiency in statistical and econometric methods
  • Knowledge of agricultural production systems
  • Understanding of environmental and resource economics
  • Ability to collect, interpret, and present data
  • Clear written and verbal communication
  • Policy analysis and research skills
  • Problem-solving and critical thinking
  • Teamwork and stakeholder engagement
  • Attention to detail
  • Adaptability to changing markets and conditions
  • Understanding of rural and regional development issues
  • Knowledge of economic modelling tools
  • Ability to work across disciplines

Average Salaries

The average yearly salary for an Agricultural Economist in Australia is around $131,000 (SalaryExpert, 2026). Entry-level roles start at approximately $93,000, while senior positions can reach $151,000. Pay varies depending on sector, location, and level of experience.

min $93 K

max $151 K

av $131 K

About the author

Laura Atkinson - Course Finder Groups
Laura Atkinson

Laura Atkinson is an Account Management and SEM specialist at Course Finder Group with six years' experience in the Australian education sector. She works day to day with universities, TAFEs and independent training providers, which gives her a close view of how courses map to real career outcomes. She writes practical guidance on career pathways, choosing the right qualification and what to expect when moving into a new field.