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How to Become A Cryptographer

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What is a Cryptographer

A cryptographer builds the systems that keep our data safe online. They design codes and security methods that stop hackers and protect private data. It is one of the most in-demand skills in tech right now.

In Australia, cryptographers work for the Australian Signals Directorate, banks, insurance firms, and tech startups. Every day, they write code, test for weak spots, and find smart ways to beat cyber threats. No two problems are the same.

This career suits people who love maths, logic, and problem-solving. You need a strong grip on number theory, abstract algebra, and coding. The more you know about how systems fail, the better you can defend them.

The sector is booming. Jobs and Skills Australia (2025) says ICT security jobs will grow 14.2% between 2024 and 2029. That is more than double the national average. If you love maths and want a job that matters, cryptography is worth a close look.

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Career Outlook for Cryptographer

Cryptography is one of the fastest-growing areas in Australian tech. As of August 2025, around 70,900 Australians worked in ICT security roles. That number grew by 3,300 in the year before (Jobs and Skills Australia, 2025).

Jobs in this group are set to grow 14.2% between May 2024 and 2029. That is more than double the national average of 6.6% (Jobs and Skills Australia, 2025). Key employers include the Australian Signals Directorate, major banks, and government agencies. Most roles are full-time and permanent.

Average salary for people with IT cryptography skills is around $85,000 per year (PayScale, 2024). Senior and research roles pay more. The field rewards extra study and skill-building. As post-quantum cryptography and AI threats grow, demand for skilled cryptographers will keep rising.

On this Article

Introduction

Average Salaries

Resources

Steps to Become a Cryptographer in Australia

Step 1: Complete a Bachelor Degree in Computer Science, Cyber Security, or Mathematics

Enrol in a bachelor degree in maths, computer science, or cyber security at an Australian university. A Bachelor of Computer Science or a Bachelor of Cyber Security takes 3 to 4 years full-time. A Bachelor of Mathematics with an applied or statistics focus is also a solid base. Look for programs that cover discrete maths, number theory, algorithms, and network security. TAFE does not offer cryptography at this level. University is the standard entry path for this career.

Step 2: Build Applied Cryptography and Coding Skills

Build hands-on skills in the coding languages used in cryptography. Python, C++, and Java are the most common. Work through open-source cryptography projects and enter cyber security events such as Capture the Flag (CTF) contests. These build the practical portfolio that employers look for. Reading current research from the International Association for Cryptologic Research (IACR) keeps your skills sharp.

Step 3: Gain Experience in a Cyber Security or Software Role

Most cryptographers start in a related role before moving into the specialism. Work as a security analyst, software developer, or penetration tester. This builds your grasp of real-world threats and systems. Graduate programs at the Australian Signals Directorate (ASD), major banks, and large tech firms offer a clear entry path. Expect to spend 1 to 3 years in these roles before moving into a dedicated cryptography job.

Step 4: Join a Professional Body

Become a member of the Australian Information Security Association (AISA) or the Australian Computer Society (ACS). Both offer networking, events, and access to industry research. ACS also offers a Certified Professional (ACS CP) credential that many government and corporate employers recognise. Costs are modest and the early connections you make can lead to specialist roles later.

Step 5: Pursue Postgrad Study or a Specialist Certification

To reach senior or research roles, a postgrad degree is usually needed. A Master of Cyber Security or Master of Computer Science takes 1 to 2 years full-time at an Australian university. Look for programs with a cryptography or security focus. A PhD is common for research roles, mainly at the ASD or in academia. Industry certs such as CISSP (Certified Information Systems Security Professional) are widely recognised. You can complete them alongside full-time work.

What does a Cryptographer do?

Cryptographers spend their days solving real security problems with maths and code. They design encryption methods, test systems for weak spots, and work with dev teams to lock down apps and platforms. They also keep up with the latest research, because cyber threats keep changing. Every project is different, and the work directly protects people’s data and privacy.

Tasks

Cryptographers combine advanced maths with software skills to secure digital systems. Their work is central to online banking, government communications, and data privacy. Here is what the job looks like day to day.

  • Design Encryption Algorithms: build secure methods to encode and decode data.
  • Find Security Weaknesses: test current systems to spot flaws before attackers do.
  • Write and Review Code: develop and audit code that runs encryption protocols.
  • Test Against Attacks: simulate known attack types to check how well systems hold up.
  • Work with Dev Teams: help engineers add strong encryption to apps and platforms.
  • Research New Threats: follow post-quantum cryptography and other emerging fields.
  • Document Everything: keep clear records of methods, protocols, and assessments.
  • Train Colleagues: show teammates how to use secure practices in their own work.

Skills for Success

Cryptographers need a sharp mind for maths and a real love of problem-solving. The core skills come from number theory, abstract algebra, and probability. If those areas excite you, you are already on the right track.

Programming is just as important. Most cryptographers work in Python, C++, or Java. You also need to think like an attacker. The best defence comes from knowing how systems can be broken. Add strong communication skills and a habit of lifelong learning, and you have the full toolkit for this field.

Skills & Attributes

  • Advanced knowledge of number theory and abstract algebra
  • Proficiency in Python, C++, or Java
  • Understanding of cryptographic algorithms and protocols
  • Knowledge of cybersecurity principles and threat modelling
  • Analytical thinking and systematic problem-solving
  • Attention to detail
  • Ability to work under pressure and meet deadlines
  • Clear written and verbal communication
  • Familiarity with data structures and algorithms
  • Knowledge of network security and protocols
  • Research and literature review skills
  • Teamwork and collaboration with cross-functional teams
  • Commitment to continuous learning

Average Salaries

The average salary for a cryptographer in Australia is around $85,000 per year (PayScale, 2024). Pay ranges from about $65,000 at entry level to $125,000 or more in senior roles. The amount varies by employer, experience, and area of focus.

min $65 K

max $125 K

av $85 K

About the author

Laura Atkinson - Course Finder Groups
Laura Atkinson

Laura Atkinson is an Account Management and SEM specialist at Course Finder Group with six years' experience in the Australian education sector. She works day to day with universities, TAFEs and independent training providers, which gives her a close view of how courses map to real career outcomes. She writes practical guidance on career pathways, choosing the right qualification and what to expect when moving into a new field.